Showing posts with label earthquake. Show all posts
Showing posts with label earthquake. Show all posts

Thursday, March 31, 2011

The Wines of New ZealandImage by Stuck in Customs via Flickr
NZ Zespri helping out Japan in a practical way...









NZ Zespri helping out Japan in a practical way...



New Zealand 's Zespri helping Japan quake relief.


Zespri's first shipment this year of kiwifruit to Japan is also carrying 30,000 litres of packaged water for relief efforts.

Zespri's first shipment this year of kiwifruit to Japan is also carrying 30,000 litres of packaged water for relief efforts.

The MV Haru Verdy has already left Tauranga bound for Kobe and Tokyo and a second ship is due to leave early next week.

Supply Chain Manager, Sally Gardiner, says Zespri has been monitoring the situation in Japan since the earthquake and tsunami.

She says they're concerned not only for the Zespri's 17 staff, but also for the well being of their customers and distributors with whom they've forged strong bonds.

Mr Gardiner is thanking other companies that have contributed to getting the shipment of water to Japan. They include the operators of the M.V. Haru Verdy, who are shipping the water free of charge.

Ms Gardiner said the new season kiwifruit is due to arrive in-market in Japan in mid-April.

“Our suppliers in Japan tell us that demand for ZESPRI® Kiwifruit remains strong, and based on this, our export programme to Japan will continue as planned,” Ms Gardiner said.

“Shortly after these initial shipments to Japan, shipments of ZESPRI® GREEN, GOLD and ORGANIC kiwifruit will begin to other key markets in Asia, Europe and North America.

“The 2011 season is on track to be a strong one. Early indications are that the volume produced during the 2011 season will be similar to last year’s, with around 100 million trays of kiwifruit being exported,” Ms Gardiner said.

In the coming months, around 25,000 people, mostly seasonal workers, will be employed by the New Zealand kiwifruit industry to harvest, pack and ship ZESPRI® GREEN, GOLD and ORGANIC kiwifruit, injecting millions of dollars into the New Zealand economy.

Acknowledgements: NZ City

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Tuesday, March 08, 2011

CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND - MARCH 01:  (L-R) L...Image by Getty Images via @daylife

New Zealand PM: Parts of quake-hit Christchurch City to be abandoned...

WELLINGTON:  New Zealand — Some 10,000 houses and several hundred commercial buildings in Christchurch will have to be demolished because of earthquake damage, while some parts of the city will have to be abandoned altogether, New Zealand's leader said Monday.

The magnitude 6.3 temblor that hit Feb. 22 shattered homes, heritage buildings and office blocks, and caused 166 confirmed deaths. Officials expect the toll to rise to more than 200 as rescuers continue to search for bodies in the rubble.

Prime Minister John Key said some 10,000 houses will have to be demolished in the city, including 3,300 that were damaged by an earlier magnitude 7.1 quake on Sept. 4 that caused far less damage. Several hundred commercial buildings in the downtown area also will have to be bulldozed, he said.

"Potentially there are some ... areas of Christchurch which will need to be abandoned and we will have to provide other alternatives for people to live in because the land has been so badly damaged, we can't fix it -- certainly not in a reasonable time frame," he said.

Earthquakes can cause sections of earth to liquefy and push up to the surface as watery silt, a process called liquefaction. In Christchurch, 260,000 tons of silt have already been scraped away.

"There are some parts of Christchurch that can't be rebuilt on" due to damage from liquefaction, Key told reporters.

He said modular homes will be brought in to provide temporary housing for some of the many thousands of displaced.

Work crews are still clearing rubble from the earthquake, which badly hit the downtown area and cut water and power services across the city. Almost all electricity supplies have been restored, but residents in the city are being told to boil tap water because of the risk of contamination.

Officials say some 70,000 people -- one-fifth of Christchurch's population of 350,000 -- have left the city temporarily as a result of the quake.

A national memorial service is planned for March 18, and Key said the open-air service in a city park could attract up to 100,000 people.


KR says:  This is all speculation at this stage. John Key thinks he is the Mayor of Christchurch as well. Decisions will be made later after consultation with all parties involved.

Acknowledgements: CTV News

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Sunday, March 06, 2011

After the earthquakeImage by Nick in exsilio via Flickr


NZ can learn from Christchurch earthquake - engineer's claim...





New Zealand should be more aggressive in making buildings able to withstand earthquakes and can learn from Christchurch's devastating quake, a leading structural engineer says.

President of the Structural Engineers Society John Hare, who is working with an urban search and rescue team at the badly damaged Christchurch Cathedral, said Christchurch may have been "a little passive" in strengthening its buildings.

The same could be said for other centres nationwide, such as Auckland, Mr Hare said.

"I would hate to have an earthquake in Auckland, because I don't think there has been very much done about it at all, I think people have been very complacent," he said.

"I think a lot of engineers perhaps were not listened to."

Because modern earthquake standards only took off in the mid '70s, it was important to retrofit buildings built before to reduce the level of damage in an earthquake.

The aim for designers was to make buildings able to withstand a one in 500 year earthquake event and hopefully a one in 2500 year event.

"What we've had was pretty much equivalent to a one in 2500 year event, or maybe even more," he said.

"I think people may be fooled by the fact it was only a magnitude 6.3 earthquake... magnitude is one measure - you have also got to consider things like depth and proximity."

With the devastation caused by Christchurch's earthquake "fresh in the mind", Mr Hare hoped New Zealand would be more aggressive in strengthening buildings in the future.

"I talked to a builder a few days ago... who said 'when we were doing some of that work you told us to do we used to think you were going over the top, but now I'll never say that again'."

"Preparedness is the answer, the better prepared we are the lower the impact would be," Mr Hare said.

Thomas Heaton, professor of engineering seismology at Caltech in Los Angeles told the LA Times that New Zealand was not the only country which could learn from the quake.

California, which has multiple fault lines running under it, had similar problems when it came to quake strengthening building as New Zealand, Mr Heaton said.

A big concern was the damage to concrete-framed office buildings erected in the '60s and '70s, which California had a lot of, Mr Heaton said.

"People who are living and working in these buildings are largely unaware that they're in buildings that are deemed by most professionals to be dangerous."

The immediate priorities for engineers following the quake was helping with the rescue and recovery operation, determining which buildings were safe and trying to get essential services back online.

Mr Hare said he dreaded to think how long it would take to restore some services.

Acknowledgements: - NZPA

http://huttriver.blog.co.uk
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Monday, February 28, 2011

John Robert Godley, ancestor of the Barons Kil...Image via Wikipedia Founding father, Robert Godley

Time capsule found buried in rubble of earthquake shaken Christchurch...




Nothing good can come out of a disaster that has shaken Christchurch to its core, but there was a brief shimmer of light today when a piece of history was uncovered amongst the earthquake ruins.

The capsule was discovered by rescue teams while working near the destroyed statue of pioneer John Robert Godley, the New Zealand Herald reports.

The copper capsule and broken bottle are thought to have been put there when the statue was first erected in 1867.

A handwritten note was found in the bottle, but details of what it says have not yet been released.

Mayor Bob Parker said he believed that inside the time capsule were documents outlining the vision of the city.

Canterbury Museum director Anthony Wright said it was a wonderful discovery amid all the sad news of the earthquake.

Call 0800 RED CROSS (0800 733 276) to find out whereabouts of friends and families

Acknowledgments: NZ Herald

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Thursday, February 24, 2011

Christchurch City (New Zealand) from the Port ...Image via Wikipedia Before quake...

A photo (below) has emerged of dust shrouding and seemingly capturing the moment the city's buildings collapsed into the shaking earth after Tuesday' s earthquake...



The image, taken from high above Christchurch and published on Twitter, shows a cloud of murky dust rising above the tallest buildings and covering the city centre.

Geologists have said the magnitude 6.3 earthquake was "no surprise. GNS Science had been warning people to expect an aftershock of around magnitude 6 from September's earthquake.

"So in that sense [Tuesday's earthquake] is no surprise," GNS Science geologist Dr Hamish Campbell said.

Dr Campbell said the earthquake was technically an aftershock because its epicentre was adjacent to the September earthquake's aftershock zone.

But other geologists dispute that assessment.

Geoscience Australia earthquake seismologist Dr Trevor Allen said because the earthquake was on a different fault line it should be considered a separate earthquake.

Call 0800 RED CROSS (0800 733 276) to find out whereabouts of friends and family.

Acknowledgements: MSN NEWS



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Tuesday, October 19, 2010

Christchurch City (New Zealand) from the Port ...Image via Wikipedia Christchurch rocked by another powerful aftershock - locals nerves frayed...



Christchurch, New Zealand, rocked by another powerful aftershock - locals nerves frayed. Lastest figures in excess of 2000 now.



By Peter Petterson



First Published at Qondio:



Late this morning, New Zealand time, 11-35am or thereabouts, the South Island city of Christchurch, New Zealand's second biggest, was rocked by another aftershock of 5.0 on the Richter scale. There have now been 1900 aftershocks since the initial 7.1 earthquake rocked and ravaged the city of the plains and the surrounding area of North Canterbury, towns and rural townships.

The initial earthquake was of the same force as the one that hit Haiti some months ago, killing tens of thousands and injuring hundreds of thousands and ravaging the country. The most remarkable thing about the NZ quake was the lack of deaths caused through the actual quake and only a couple of serious injuries. A number of people have died of heart attacks which may be attributed to the earthquake.



Four hours before and after the quake and there could have been considerable loss of life downtown at bars, restaurants and cafes, and later as early shoppers hit town. Good fortune protected the New Zealand city.



During the last few weeks a lot of cleaning up around the city has been done, making slightly damaged houses liveable and safe. Inspections of schools were made, and hundreds of buildings inspected and graded according to condition - green for continued use and repair, and red for those that will have to be demolished for safety reasons.



Insurance assessors have also been busy assessing damaged houses in the city and environs. The Earthquake Commission pays up to $100,000 for each individual property with insurance companies picking up the costs above that figure.



But the 1900 aftershocks have in many cases damaged buildings and houses that were not damaged in the initial earthquake.



Some buildings that could not be repaired or strengthened have started to be demolished for public safety reasons, including one iconic building over 100 years old. 150,000 buildings and houses have been damaged to some degree, with about 200 having to be demolished, and twenty properties unfit for rebuilding.



A few hundred homes in the eastern suburbs have been without sewerage and have had limited water supplies since the EQ - chemical toilets have been placed outside every third house in some streets, and washing has had to be done down at the local mall and laundrette. Sewerage may not be replaced until 2011 in some streets.



There is no doubt tha many of the people of Christchurch and surrounding areas are becoming shell-shocked by the continuing aftershocks, which are in effect earthquakes in their own right. Comparisons are now being made with the effects of the London blitz in the early days of WW2.



I have never heard of so many aftershocks after an earthquake which may continue for months to come. A few people who were able to have left Christchurch with their families, but everybody else will not have such luxury. Life goe on for the suffering Christchurch and Canterbury people.


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Saturday, October 02, 2010

Space view of Christchurch and surrounding areas.Image via Wikipedia 
Have the Gods got something in for New Zealand's South Island?






OPINION: First published at Fortitude



by peter petterson



Many, if not all, readers would have heard or read about the extremely destructive 7.1 earthquake that struck Christchurch and the surrounding Canterbury district nearly three weeks ago. Actually there are many people around the globe who think New Zealand is part of Australia anyway. Well, this is not designed as a geographical guide but more as a factual newspiece expanding on what you may or may not know about this mind-numbing earthquake that has been repeated by a total of  1200 aftershocks which occur  everyday and night since. Yes, I did say 1200 aftershocks! I've never heard of so many after an earthquake, have you?



At 7.1 on the Richter Scale this earthquake was identical in destructive force to the one in Haiti mamy months ago that killed tens of thousands, injured scores of thousands and probably made a million homeless for some period of time. What was the difference?



New Zealand is a first world country with extremely high standards of building, has a small spread out population — Christchurch, which is New Zealand's second largest city, has only 400,000 at the most, including its environs. But the saving grace of Christchurch during this shocking earthquake was the time — 4-35am. A few hours earlier and thousands would have been caught in restaurants, cafes, bars and on the streets; and a few hours later the early shoppers would have been caught in malls, shops, cafes and also on the streets.



The authorities, both local and central government agencies moved extremely quickly to support the victims of the earthquake. The prime minister, John Key and some of his ministers were down in Christchurch by the Sunday morning to see at first hand the results of this shocking earthquake and what should be done initially to help the local council's support of the victims. Nobody was killed, though there have been some fatal heart attacks which could be attributed to the earthquake, and only a few were seriously injured. One middle aged man was hit by a collapsing chimney that came through his bedroom ceiling and was seriously injured; and remains in a critical condition nearly three weeks later.



Finacial support has been given to help residents in the first few weeks, and companies with less than twenty employees were given wage subsidies later in the first week, for the first month to get their business operational and to help the local economy get back into gear.



Experts moved into action on the Monday morning examining damaged buildings in the city's CBD and then out into the residential areas both within the central city, suburbs and the outlying areas. Welfare centres were set up in schools, an indoor stadium and at Addington Raceway for homeless and those unable to go back to their homes for a variety of reasons, including the lack of sewerage, running water, and for psychological reasons caused by the repetitive aftershocks which were like minor earthquakes on their own.



Christchurch looked like a bombsight initially with the wreckage of buildings scattered throughout the streets of the city, making them extremely difficult to travel through. Within days it soon became obvious just how much damage had been caused, roughly how many buildings would be condemned and need to be destroyed for safety reasons. Red stickers were placed on condemned buildings and homes, and green stickers for those that could be saved and repaired. Insurance assessors were quickly involved in doing their particular tasks within the first few days. In New Zealand the state Earthquake Commission pays for the first $100,000 of individual damage caused by earthquakes.



Cleaning up the streets, repairing sewerage and water mains and ensuring the homeless were taken care of in the welfare centres was the first priority in the days after the earthquake. And the aftershocks continued day and night creating psychological torture for the residents of Christchurch and out in the rural districts. While many streets showed evidence of the destructive force of this huge earthquake, out in the countryside the faultline looked as though bulldozers had carved up the earth for miles and miles lifting flat and even paddocks into untidy piles of earth in some places. The faultline had been there for 16,000 years and nobody had been aware of its existence.



The early estimates of two billion dollars in damage and estimated reconstruction, had doubled to four billion within a week — about three billion in American dollars. This is undoubtably New Zealand's worst civil disaster in monetary terms. The lack of fatalities and serious injuries are in fact incredible. Slowly but surely life has resumed, most children are back to school, and people are going back to work as their employers get their businesses back into operation. Life is not normal, of course, but the city is breathing some life again, and hopes are rising and the people are becoming positive once again. There are still many people who are homeless in the city, and a few hundred in the eastern suburbs who still do not have sewerage and running water — they are still using chemical toilets and have to wash at the local mall.



But they often say things go in threes. The day following the earthquake, at Fox Glacier a few hundred miles southwest of Christchurch, a small plane crashed on takeoff killing all nine onboard.



Just last weekend New Zealand was hit by a polar-like storm with snowstorms in the deep south being the worst in decades. In Invercargill city the local indoor stadium and some other buildings, were totally destroyed by the heavy snow, and out in the rural area farmers have lost a million newborn lambs. Throughout the rest of the country galeforce winds and rain caused considerable damage to homes and property. One would have to seriously consider that the South Island was on the receiving end of some retributive Karma force. Or perhaps somebody forgot to pay their bills?



As I close, quite safe and remote here in Wellington some 220 miles north of Christchurch, incidently my home town, I hear that the aftershocks are continuing, albeit less frequent and a little milder. My extended family members have been quite safe down south, and don't appear to have much damge caused to their homes, and have not suffered any personal injuries, apart from those psychologically.



Christchurchites are anticipating some better nights' sleep in coming weeks. And nobody will begrudge these hearty souls!




Tuesday, September 21, 2010

Central Library : after the quakeImage by Christchurch City Libraries via Flickr 






Christchurch residents rally over 'third world' conditions - post earthquake news...




The way it really is, residents claim:



A digger demolishes buildings in Christchurch after the earthquake.Dozens of angry residents have rallied in one of Christchurch's worst earthquake-hit areas to let the world know their situation is not fixed, and they are still living in "third world" conditions.



About 100 people gathered in a badly cracked, silt-covered cul-de-sac in the suburb of Avonside today to express their frustration at still being in limbo and without basic services 18 days after the devastating 7.1 magnitude quake.



The residents, many Housing New Zealand tenants, are living in cracked and sunken homes, still managing without sewerage and drainage, uncertain about using the water, getting sick from contaminated silt that has come from underground, and worried what their futures hold.



They are upset that the message being sent to the rest of the country is that Christchurch is getting back on its feet when they feel far from it.



"You see on TV the devastation of third world countries or war. And that's what it felt like for the first week," said Angela Wasley, a resident of the cul-de-sac and rally organiser.



"It's absolutely exhausting. It feels like you have gone camping, and the campsite hasn't quite got the right utilities. We've got power.....but nothing else. Water comes and goes. So you can't wash, you can't flush the toilet."



"You don't really want to be in the area, because it feels like it has been demolished, and it feels broken. You don't want to not stay in your house because there's burglaries around."



"We've got this contaminated silt flying around everywhere which we can't wash off, and it's getting into our throats. We've had sore throats for about 10 days now."



Ms Wasley, who lives with her seven-year-old son and father, said she did not know yet whether her home would have to be demolished, and where she would go next.



The aftershocks after the big quake meant the "cracks keep widening".



Beneficiary Karron Gosney has slept in her damaged rental home in the largely deserted cul-de-sac every night since the earthquake, when most other houses are deserted.



"As much as we want the people of Canterbury to get back to normal, they have got to realise that a lot of us are living worse now than what a lot of people were day one of the quake."



"We are not a rich neighbourhood. A lot of us do not have access to bank loans or overdrafts or credit cards. So we are trying to do it out of our benefits."



Ms Gosney uses a shower at a local gym and the toilet at a local shopping centre.



"We don't all have friends and family that can put us up."



Mark Christison, of the Christchurch City Council's earthquake recovery team, said the team was working long hours and doing its best to get at least "limited services" restored to all homes.



"Typically the city renews about 4km of sewer a year in its network. The sort of damage that we are seeing from this earthquake could be anything from 20-30km to 100km. So that gives you an idea of the magnitude of the job thats in front of the recovery team.



http://www.christchurchquakemap.co.nz/   CHRISTCHURCH QUAKE MAP



http://peter-petterson.blogspot.com DOWN BY THE HUTTRIVER


Friday, September 10, 2010



LIQUEFACTION:  A new word in our vocabluary - when solid ground is shaken to mush...







A sand volcano after the Christchurch earthquake. Large tracts of silty, low-lying land compounded the effects of Saturday's earthquake in Canterbury, as whole streets were transformed from firm land to sludge.



In what's known as liquefaction, Christchurch's sandy soil was shaken violently, causing water to rise through its pores. Scientists compared it to jumping on wet sand at the beach - it soon turns to a murky soup.



Professor Michael Pender from the University of Auckland geology department said the Canterbury quake was one of the most significant cases of liquefaction in New Zealand history.



He said the process could affect any town or city near a river, estuary or coastline. Auckland's waterfront, built on reclaimed land from the Ferry Building up to Shortland St, would be very vulnerable to large tremors.



Coastal developments which encroached on sand dunes, such as Mt Maunganui and some North Shore beaches, were also susceptible during a major earthquake.



Large sections of Christchurch were built on soft sediments which remained saturated after a wet winter.




Roads, bridges and pipe infrastructure have been unsettled by the water squirting up through the soil during the 7.1 magnitude tremor.



As many as nine out of 10 homes on the city's flat have been damaged by the quicksand-like effect. Much of this damage was superficial rather than structural. But in Bexley, a 5-year-old subdivision near New Brighton, at least 100 new homes were left uninhabitable after silt, sewage and grey sludge cracked the road and squeezed through floorboards.



The worst-affected areas were coastal spots such as New Brighton, and suburbs that skirted the lower reaches of the Avon and Heathcote Rivers, in particular Dallington.



Homes in Kaiapoi, near the Waimakariri River, were also reported to have sunk into the soil.



Geologists said that when rising water was concentrated into small cracks it could create sand volcanoes - mounds of sand that pushed up to the surface, as seen on the streets of Avonside and Linwood.



Professor Pender was surprised that some new developments were susceptible to major damage from underground water.



"You'd expect the engineers doing the site investigation to realise that there is this loose sand present and do some remedial work before they built foundations."



New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering spokesman Win Clark said most of Christchurch's structures performed well under the stress of the quake. "The buildings responded as expected - most damage was to unreinforced masonry and buildings built before World War II."



I understand this phenomenon has been experienced before in California, for instance. This has encouraged scientists from the US to comever and investigate.

http:/www./redcross.org.nz/   Christchurch Earthquake Appeal


Monday, September 06, 2010

An enlargeable satellite image of New ZealandImage via Wikipedia


Understanding the massive 7.0 Christchurch Earthquake...



The September 3, 2010 South Island, New Zealand earthquake occurred as a result of strike-slip faulting within the crust of the Pacific plate, near the eastern foothills of the Southern Alps at the western edge of the Canterbury Plains.

The earthquake struck approximately 50 km to the west-northwest of Christchurch, the largest population center in the region, and about 80-90 km to the south and east of the current expression of the Australia:Pacific plate boundary through the island (the Alpine and Hope Faults).



The earthquake, though removed from the plate boundary itself, likely reflects right-lateral motion on one of a number of regional faults related to the overall relative motion of these plates and may be related to the overall southern propagation of the Marlborough fault system in recent geologic time.



Today’s earthquake occurred approximately 50 km to the southeast of a M7.1, surface-rupturing event in Authur’s Pass, on March 9th, 1929, which caused 17 fatalities. More recently, two earthquakes of M6.7 and M5.9 occurred in June 1994 approximately 40 km to the northwest of today’s event, but did not cause any known fatalities or significant damage.

http://earthquake-report.com/2010/09/04/understanding-the-massive-7-0-christchurch-earthquake


http://www.redcross.org.nz/  Christchurch  Earthquake Appeal


Friday, September 03, 2010

Massive earthquake hits Christchurch, New Zealand, at 4-30am this morning...



Massive earthquake of 7.1 on the Richter scale  hits Christchurch, New Zealand,  and environs at about 4-30 am this morning. Continuing after shocks. No deaths reported,  few serious injuries, though two middle aged men are in ICU in Christchurch Hospital.. A lot of extensive damage though in central city, suburbs and in country areas. Biggest erthquake since 1931 Napier earthquake.


Rescue teams were searching for people trapped in the rubble of a major earthquake that caused extensive damage Saturday in Christchurch, New Zealand’s second-largest city.



Basic sanitation was likely to become a major health concern because numerous sewer and water lines were damaged across the city, Civil Defense officials said. About 1,000 residents of two suburbs were put on alert to evacuate their homes as widespread damage to sewer pipes threatened major flooding.



Two men were seriously injured and scores of other people suffered less serious injuries in the aftermath of the quake, which registered 7.0 on the Richter scale. It struck at 4:35 a.m. (1:35 p.m. Friday ET), the U.S. Geological Survey said in Washington.



The timing of the quake probably saved many lives, Civil Defense authorities said, because most people were braced in their beds and not packed into the older commercial buildings that suffered the brunt of the damage.



The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said there was no danger of a tsunami.





Mike Bowden, a spokesman for the Christchurch fire service, told The Press newspaper of Christchurch that an unknown number of people were trapped in their homes and other buildings by falling chimneys, jammed doors and blocked entrances. He said emergency services were being flooded with calls but that they could respond only to “cases of life and death” because of widespread damage to roads and bridges.



More on the New Zealand earthquake First Person: ‘We were all screaming’



Why the New Zealand quake is no Haiti

..Civil Defense officials declared a state of civil emergency shortly after 9:30 a.m. Christchurch Airport was closed, and rail service was shut down across the South Island. Several major bridges were impassable.



Christchurch authorities reported “substantial infrastructure damage” to bridges and utilities, particularly sewer and water facilities, and said many other buildings had been damaged. Mayor Bob Parker said basic sanitation was likely to become a major health concern.

http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&object=10671069

http://anzacbloggersunite.blog.co.uk/


Saturday, January 16, 2010


A story from Haiti - Haiti earthquake survivors get more food and water...



PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti – Precious water, food and early glimmers of hope began reaching parched and hungry earthquake survivors Saturday on the streets of the ruined Haitian capital, but the island's despair threatened to spark a frenzy in places.

"People are so desperate for food that they are going crazy," said accountant Henry Ounche, standing in a crowd of hundreds who fought one another as U.S. military helicopters clattered overhead carrying aid.

Across the hilly, steamy city, people choked on the stench of death, and hope faded by the hour for finding many more victims alive in the rubble, four days after Tuesday's catastrophic earthquake.

Still, here and there, the murmur of buried victims spurred rescue crews on, even as aftershocks threatened to finish off crumbling buildings.

"No one's alive in there," a woman sobbed outside the wrecked Montana Hotel.

But hope wouldn't die. "We can hear a survivor!" search crew chief Alexander Luque of Namibia later reported. His men dug on.

Nobody knew how many were dead. In a fresh estimate, the Pan American Health Organization said 50,000 to 100,000 people perished in the quake. Haiti's prime minister, Jean-Max Bellerive, told The Associated Press that 100,000 would "seem to be the minimum." Truckloads of corpses were being trundled to mass graves.

A U.N. humanitarian spokeswoman declared the quake the worst disaster the international organization has ever faced, since so much government and U.N. capacity in the country was demolished. In that way, Elisabeth Byrs said in Geneva, it's worse than the cataclysmic Asian tsunami of 2004: "Everything is damaged."






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Acknowledgements: Associated Press